The weekly macro review for w/c 19 August 2019 – Trade uncertainty, and escalation in tariff levies on US-China trade, slower growth, and central bank policy responses were the main themes this week.
The most pressing development late last week was the announcement by US President Trump of a further increase in tariffs to be applied to imports from China. This has amounted to a further escalation in the trade dispute between the US and China. A candid speech from the RBA Governor Phillip Lowe at the Jackson Hole symposium provides an interesting perspective;
“One way of looking at the world economy at the moment is that we are experiencing a series of significant political shocks – the serious issues between the United States and China, Brexit, the problems in Hong Kong, the tensions between Japan and South Korea, and the stresses in Italy.”
“…these shocks are generating considerable uncertainty.”
The minutes of central bank meetings of the US Fed, ECB and RBA released this week, all mentioned similar risks; slowing global growth, trade policy, and weak inflation. In this same speech, the RBA Governor goes on to question whether monetary policy can effectively deal with these shocks;
“Central banks are seeking to offset the effects of these shocks with lower interest rates and/or more monetary stimulus. This is entirely understandable, although it remains to be seen how effective it will be.”
“… monetary policy is just one of the levers that are potentially available for managing the economy. And, arguably, given the challenges we face at the moment, it is not the best lever.”
This acknowledgment doesn’t mean that CB’s won’t continue to ease policy in response though. The Fed minutes indicate an easing bias, although guided by incoming data. The ECB has indicated that further easing is likely at the next meeting. The RBA has already shifted to easing policy. All three CB’s also cite weak or muted inflation as reasons for further easing.
Adding to concerns over trade and growth, the prelim PMI’s provided little expectation of any improvement in manufacturing activity into Aug. Broadly, services activity continues to offset some of the manufacturing weakness – except for in the US and Australia this month.
The US Prelim composite PMI showed that private sector growth had slowed to a slight pace – with manufacturing falling into contraction and signs that the usually stronger services sector also experienced weakness in Aug. The Kansas City Fed manufacturing index also declined further in Aug and respondents cited concerns over tariffs (before this latest escalation);
“Regional factory activity had its largest monthly drop in over three years, and over 55 percent of firms expect negative impacts from the latest round of U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods,”
US housing is showing some promise with continued improvement in existing home sales, as interest rates fall.
Employment growth has been a bright spot for the US economy. The BLS released the prelim revision to non-farm payroll growth this week, expecting that US non-farm payrolls will be revised lower by -501k persons in the Jan 2020 release. This likely will undermine one important point of confidence in the US economy.
The prelim composite PMI out of Eurozone was little changed overall – services growth was slightly higher while manufacturing activity continued to contract. Broadly, Euro area CPI growth slowed further – likely a large concern for the ECB. The ongoing slowdown in the German PPI reflects the weaker demand conditions.
The decline in Japanese exports continues to confirm the current weaker demand conditions in Asia. The overall decline in Japanese exports in Jul versus a year ago was mostly led by Asia (esp. China). The prelim PMI was improved due to stronger growth in services while manufacturing continued to contract.
The prelim composite PMI for Aust was concerning with the composite index falling into contraction. This was led by much weaker activity in services in Aug while manufacturing growth was little changed.
There are more data releases covered in last weeks review. Use the links on the contents page to navigate to different country sections. Download the review here;
The outlook for w/c 26 August 2019 – The focus this week will be on key economic releases and fall-out from the re-escalation in the US-China trade dispute.
At this stage, we are awaiting any details of a recommencement of face to face talks between the US and China. On other trade issues, a decision by the WTO on the US-EU airline subsidy dispute is expected shortly.
In the US, data will focus on growth, consumption, and manufacturing. The key releases are; advance durable goods orders for Jul and regional manufacturing surveys for Aug, Q2 GDP 2nd estimate, personal incomes and outlays for Jul and final consumer sentiment for Aug.
Euro CPI and detailed Q2 GDP for Germany will be the key highlights.
In Australia, investment, housing & credit growth data will be in focus – private capex and construction data for Q2, new home sales, and RBA credit data for Jul will be released.
Of note in Japan, the prelim industrial production data for Jul. Surveys expected an increase in production for Jul, yet PMI output data for Jul indicated further contraction.
US Treasury issuance will be slightly heavier this week, but new money raised will remain elevated, in line with the increase in ST bills issuance and the recent suspension of the debt ceiling. The US Treasury will settle $207bn in ST bills, TIPS and FRN’s raising approx. $62bn in new money.
More detail (including a calendar of events) is provided in the briefing document – download the file here;
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
