by Kim | May 27, 2024
Key events this week – US PCE inflation, CPI inflation; Euro Area, Aus (monthly), and Tokyo
Recap from last week
A key theme from the FOMC minutes was the lack of further progress on inflation during Q1. While policy rates were seen as sufficiently restrictive, it was likely going to take longer to gain confidence that inflation was moving toward the 2% target. The Committee did not expect that it would be appropriate to reduce rates until it had gained that greater confidence. The FOMC would be prepared to reduce policy restraint if there was an unexpected weakening in the labor market, and alternatively, ‘various participants’ were prepared to tighten policy under certain circumstances. Fed Chair Powell had already addressed the possibility of tightening in the short-term – that a hike was “unlikely to be the next policy rate move” and that the conditions for a hike were notably higher (needing persuasive evidence that policy is not restrictive enough). Overall, “participants assessed that monetary policy was well positioned” to respond to evolving economic conditions.
Since that meeting, the Apr CPI has reignited some hope that inflation has resumed its slowing trend. In a speech, Fed Vice Chair Jefferson noted that “the better reading for April is encouraging”. In a separate speech, Fed Governor Waller gave the April CPI report a “C+” – “not a fail, but not a stellar result either”. He cautioned that progress was so modest, that he still needed to see several more months of “good data” – that which “doesn’t require two decimal places”. The Fed-preferred PCE measure of inflation for Apr will be released this week – and is expected to follow the modest easing trend of the Apr CPI report.
Housing activity in the US remained subdued as existing home sales came in less than expected for Apr, while the Mar result was revised higher. Existing home sales remain 7.5% above the pandemic low recorded in Oct 2023. Inventory continued to increase in Apr. New home sales were also lower than expected in Apr.
The preliminary S&P PMI surveys indicated that private sector activity across the major developed market economies continued to improve in May. This was led by manufacturing activity and output growth in Japan, the Eurozone (slower contraction), the UK, and the US. The more moderate pace of services output growth was maintained in May – led by a notable acceleration in services output in the US. This will likely be positive for Q2 growth – especially in the US.
Headline UK inflation came down notably as expected. However, UK core CPI slowed less than expected to +3.9% as services inflation eased only slightly to an elevated +5.9%. This will likely remain a concern for the BoE. Headline inflation in Canada eased in line with expectations, with a more broad-based slowdown this month – led by food, services, and durable goods. Lower BoC measures of core inflation were encouraging, with the trimmed mean easing to +2.9%. Annual inflation eased in Japan. The main BoJ measure of core CPI ex fresh food slowed from +2.6% in Mar to +2.2% in Apr. However, the monthly pace of inflation has been accelerating over the last three months and the latest 3-month annualized rate is now back up to +2.7%.
Outlook for the week ahead
Inflation remains in focus this week – and importantly how progress on inflation will feed into the broader picture of rates and the path for central bank policy.
The main focus this week will be the US PCE inflation report for Apr. The determination of whether inflation is easing may still come down to two decimal places this month. The main core PCE inflation measure is expected to increase by +0.3% over the month in Apr (around +0.26%). This would bring annual core PCE inflation down slightly to +2.77% from +2.82% in Mar. The monthly headline PCE inflation rate is expected to ease from +0.3% in Mar and the annual headline rate is expected to ease from +2.7%.
Other US data; The monthly PCE spending (and income) data for Apr will be important in comparison to the recent weaker US retail sales report. Personal spending is expected to increase by +0.3% in Apr, slowing from the more robust +0.8% in Mar. The second reading of US GDP growth for Q1 is expected to ease slightly to +1.5% on an annualized basis (from +1.6% in the advance report). There will be a range of Fed speakers this week and the Fed Beige Book will be released, providing some commentary on activity among the Fed districts.
The Euro Area prelim CPI for May will be released this week – along with country-level CPI data throughout the week. Euro Area headline inflation is expected to be +2.5% in May, up slightly from +2.4% in Apr. Core CPI is expected to be unchanged at +2.7% in May.
The Aus monthly CPI for Apr is expected to ease slightly to +3.4% from +3.5% in Mar. The monthly inflation series differs in composition from the broader quarterly inflation report.
The core Tokyo CPI (ex-fresh food) is expected to increase by +1.9% in May, up from +1.6% in Apr.
This week, the US Treasury will auction and settle approx. $668bn in ST Bills, Notes, FRNs, TIPS, and Bonds raising approx. $158bn in new money.
QT this week: Approx $26bn in ST Bills will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be reinvested. Approx $29bn in Notes & Bonds will be redeemed and will roll off the Fed balance sheet.
More detail (including a calendar of key data releases) is provided in the briefing document – download the pdf below:
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
by Kim | May 20, 2024
Key events this week – US; FOMC minutes, Fed speak, & Durable goods orders; RBA minutes; RBNZ meeting; CPI – UK, Canada, and Japan; Prelim S&P PMIs for May
Recap from last week
The strength of US inflation and growth through Q1 had supported a shift in the expected path of policy rates in the US. However, Q2 data has so far suggested a deceleration in the stronger US economic momentum, a trend that persisted in data released last week.
US CPI for Apr came in mostly in line with expectations and at least did not surprise to the upside given how persistent inflation has been so far in 2024. The headline and core readings did show progress on inflation slowing – albeit slow progress. This may be seen by the FOMC as one small step, in a series of steps needed over the coming months, to build confidence that inflation is moving ‘sustainably’ back down. There were several encouraging signs from the CPI report; the trimmed mean and median inflation rates suggested that inflation may no longer be broadening out to more categories. Services and shelter inflation also appeared to make more progress on easing this month.
Last week, US data on spending, housing, and output for Apr indicated some easing in growth momentum at the start of Q2. That said, the latest iteration of the Atlanta Fed GDP Nowcast still has growth at a robust pace of +3.6% so far for Q2. Retail sales for April were disappointing as growth stalled and sales growth in Mar was revised lower. New housing permits and starts came in lower than expected. New home builder sentiment also weakened notably, especially in the West. Industrial production stalled, as manufacturing output fell in Apr.
With inflation easing this month and data continuing to be less-hot, rate cut probabilities have firmed around the Sep and Dec FOMC meetings.
Euro area GDP for Q1 was confirmed at +0.3% – rebounding from the weaker growth experienced through Q3 and Q4. Euro area inflation also continued to ease in Apr. Headline inflation was confirmed at +2.4% over the year and +0.6% over the month. Core CPI came in as expected at +2.7% over the year. Recent activity surveys have also pointed to further strengthening in activity in the Euro area at the start of Q2. With inflation easing and activity starting to firm, rate cut expectations beyond the Jun cut may now come into question – from a speech by ECB Board member Schnabel last week;
“Based on current data, a rate cut in July does not seem warranted,” she told Nikkei newspaper in comments published Friday. “We should look very carefully at the data because there is a risk of easing prematurely.” Source: Bloomberg
Aus labour market data was mixed for the RBA. Wage growth in Q1 was lower than expected – led in part by slower public sector wage growth. Growth in real wages increased slightly over the year by +0.5%. Despite employment growth rebounding this month, the unemployment rate ticked higher than expected to 4.05% in Apr. The rise in unemployment this month was the result of employment growth not keeping pace with growth in the labour force (due to higher participation and population growth). It will be important to see whether this increase in labour supply will be absorbed into employment next month. The RBA will likely be watching this closely given that the unemployment rate of 4.05% in Apr is already in line with its forecast for unemployment at the end of Q2.
Outlook for the week ahead
There will be a wide range of data this week.
The focus in the US will likely be on the large number of US Fed speeches scheduled for this week. These should provide some insight into the characterization of the Apr inflation report amid easing growth momentum. Speeches of note: US Fed Vice Chair Jefferson on the Economic Outlook and Housing Price Dynamics and Fed Governor Waller will give several speeches this week, including one on the Economic Outlook and one on R*.
The FOMC minutes of the 30 Apr -1 May meeting will be released. The FOMC kept rates on hold, citing a continued lack of progress on disinflation. The Committee noted that confidence did not increase that inflation was moving sustainably to the 2% target and was prepared to stay on hold for as long as necessary. The FOMC also announced that it was slowing the pace of QT.
US data this week will focus on output and housing. Durable Goods Orders for Apr are expected to slow to -0.5%. Existing home sales are expected to increase to 4.2m annualized in Apr, while new home sales are expected to slow to 0.674m annualized.
The RBA minutes will be released this week. The RBA kept rates on hold at the last meeting due to the recent bout of stickier inflation. The Board remains vigilant to upside inflation risks, with no course of action ruled in or out at this stage, although the Board thinks that it won’t necessarily have to tighten again. At the press conference, Governor Bullock noted that a rate hike was discussed at this meeting, and the minutes should provide some insight into that discussion.
The RBNZ will meet this week and is expected to keep rates on hold.
Inflation data for the UK, Canada, and Japan will be released this week. In both Canada and the UK, inflation remains high but there has been more encouraging progress recently. Both central banks are starting to suggest that the timing of rate cuts could be coming into view as long as inflation progress continues.
UK CPI is expected to ease more notably this month, as base effects kick in. Headline inflation is expected to slow to +2.1% in Apr from +3.2% in Mar. Core inflation is also expected to ease to +3.6% in Apr from +4.2% in Mar.
Progress on inflation in Canada is expected to remain slow. Headline inflation is expected to ease to +2.8% in Apr from +2.9% in Mar. However core inflation measures, such as the trimmed mean are expected to come in under three percent, slowing to +2.9% in Apr from +3.1% in Mar.
Japanese core inflation (ex-fresh food) is expected to slow to +2.2% in Apr, from +2.6% in Mar. Headline inflation is expected to be little changed at +2.7%.
Finally, the prelim S&P PMI surveys for May will be released for the G4 plus Aus. In Apr, manufacturing momentum remained weak but was offset by a continued moderate expansion across services sectors. Activity PMIs for the US in Apr showed some slower momentum while activity remained positive.
This week, the US Treasury will auction and settle approx. $435bn in ST Bills, raising approx. $10bn in new money.
QT this week: Approx $12bn in ST Bills will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be reinvested.
More detail (including a calendar of key data releases) is provided in the briefing document – download the pdf below:
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
by Kim | May 13, 2024
Key events this week – US CPI & retail sales; US Fed Chair Powell; Aus budget, labour market, & wages; Europe growth & CPI
Recap from last week
There was limited data released last week. US data focused on lending conditions and consumer sentiment. The University of Michigan consumer sentiment survey recorded a notable (and statistically significant) fall in sentiment in the prelim May report. While the result may be influenced by the change in methodology, there was a corresponding increase in inflation expectations that may have weighed on sentiment. Inflation expectations have eased from recent peaks, but they remain elevated compared to the pre-pandemic trends.
The growth in US consumer credit in Mar was much lower than expected at +$6bn led by (unusual) stalled credit card/revolving credit growth. Non-revolving credit lifted somewhat, but growth rates remain historically subdued. The latest Senior Loan Officer Opinion survey for Q1 noted that while banks reported tighter lending standards for most loan categories in Q1, there were lower net shares of banks reporting tighter lending standards than in Q4. Initial jobless claims were higher than expected at 231k (up from 209k in the prior week). Half of the +20k increase over the week can be traced back to New York and seasonal patterns related to the school year. Initial claims are expected to stay at a slightly elevated +221k level this week though.
The BoE kept policy rates unchanged last week. There was a shift in voting with seven members voting for a hold and two members now voting for a 25bp cut. The Committee noted that the restrictive stance of policy is weighing on activity in the real economy, leading to a looser labour market and bearing down on inflationary pressures. The Committee still judged that policy rates would need to stay restrictive for an extended period. Headline inflation has eased but services inflation remains elevated and persistent. Later, Governor Bailey noted that recent inflation data have been encouraging. In a positive sign for the UK economy, GDP for Q1 increased by more than expected by +0.6% after contracting in the second half of 2023.
The RBA kept rates on hold amid concern over slowing progress on inflation. The Board noted that “we need to be vigilant” to upside risks to inflation and that it would be some time yet before inflation is sustainably in the target range. The Board discussed a rate hike at this meeting but judged that the right stance for now was to stay on hold. Rates were deemed restrictive enough and won’t necessarily have to tighten again, but the Board couldn’t rule another hike in or out. The path of policy rates in Aus has shifted up since the Feb Statement on Monetary Policy – led in part by the higher Q1 inflation print. This week, the federal budget and Q1 wage data will play into the broader inflation picture in Aus.
Outlook for the week ahead
With a range of data out this week, the focus will be on US CPI for Apr and its implications for rate projections.
Progress on disinflation in the US has stalled over the past few months, pushing the timing of rate cuts further out. The FOMC recently noted that “it will likely take more time to gain confidence that inflation is on a sustainable path to 2% inflation”. The data this week is expected to show some progress on inflation. US headline CPI is expected to slow to +3.4% over the year in Apr (from +3.5% in Mar). The monthly headline rate is expected to slow to +0.3% in Apr, from +0.4% in Mar. Core inflation is expected to slow to +3.6% over the year in Apr (from +3.8% in Mar). The monthly core inflation rate is expected to slow to +0.3% in Apr from +0.4% in Mar.
US headline PPI for Apr is expected to be little changed at +2.1% over the year while the monthly pace remains unchanged at +0.2%. Annual core PPI is expected to be little changed at +2.4% with the monthly rate also staying at +0.2%.
There is a broad range of US data out this week that will inform the trajectory of growth so far in Q2. These developments will be reflected in the Atlanta Fed GDPNowcast update for Q2.
US retail sales for Apr are expected to slow to +0.4% from the faster +0.7% in Mar.
Building permits are expected to rebound somewhat to an annualized pace of 1.48m in Apr (from 1.467m in Mar). Housing starts are also expected to rebound to an annualized pace of 1.41m in Apr (from 1.32m in Mar).
Industrial production in Apr is expected to slow to +0.2% from +0.4% in Mar.
Import and export prices are expected to slow over the month in Apr.
There will be a range of Fed speakers this week. The headline event will be Fed Chair Powell in a moderated discussion at the Foreign Bankers’ Association AGM in Amsterdam. Other speakers include Vice Chair Jefferson and Governor Waller. Topics aren’t specifically related to current economic conditions but could be covered. Please check the link above.
It’s also a busy week for data outside of the US. Japanese GDP for Q1 is expected to fall -0.4% from the slow pace of +0.1% growth in Q4.
Euro area GDP for Q1 is expected to be confirmed at +0.3%. Euro area inflation for Apr is expected to be confirmed at +2.4% over the year and +0.6% over the month. Core CPI is expected to be +2.7% over the year.
There will be a range of Aus data out this week. The RBA will be watching closely the direction and impact of the Australian Federal Budget, wage data, and labour market conditions. The wage price index for Q1 is expected to accelerate slightly to +1% from +0.9% in Q4. The labour market survey for Apr will be important for the RBA given its dual mandate. Governor Bullock noted the importance of preserving labour market conditions in her opening press conference statement last week, “The Board wants to keep employment growing while bringing down inflation, and we think rates are at the right level to achieve this”. Employment growth is expected to rebound this month to +25k after net employment edged slightly lower last month. The unemployment rate is expected to increase to 3.9% (from 3.8% in Mar).
Data out of China will also be closely watched after some firming in activity recently. Retail sales, industrial production, and fixed asset investment for the year to Apr will be released this week.
This week, the US Treasury will auction and settle approx. $606bn in ST Bills, Notes, and Bonds, raising approx. $34bn in new money.
QT this week: Approx $35bn in ST Bills, Notes, and Bonds will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be reinvested. Approx $31bn in Notes & Bonds will be redeemed and roll off the Fed balance sheet.
More detail (including a calendar of key data releases) is provided in the briefing document – download the pdf below:
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
by Kim | May 6, 2024
Key events this week – BoE and RBA monetary policy meetings, S&P Global Services PMIs
Recap from last week
The message from the FOMC was clear last week; restrictive policy settings need more time to do their job.
As expected, the FOMC kept interest rate settings unchanged, noting that it would be appropriate to reduce interest rates once it has gained greater confidence that inflation was moving sustainably towards the 2% target. The main driver of this decision was the “lack of further progress towards the Committee’s 2% inflation target” through Q1.
While the FOMC did remove “rates are likely at their peak” from the statement, the easing bias was maintained. The FOMC is prepared to stay on hold for as long as necessary, highlighting that current policy settings were “well positioned” for a range of outcomes; either to stay on hold (where progress on inflation stalls) or to lower rates (progress on inflation resumes and/or there is an unexpected weakening in the labor market). A hike is not likely to be the next move in rates – and the bar seems much higher to consider a hike (needing “persuasive evidence” that policy settings are no longer restrictive).
The FOMC also announced plans to lower the monthly redemption cap on its QT program beginning in Jun.
US data suggested growth and labor market momentum eased at the start of Q2. US non-farm payrolls in Apr were lower than expected at +175k (expecting +243k, while the prior two months were revised higher on net by +22k). Other labor market metrics remained steady – and do not suggest a weakening in the labor market in Apr. The employment growth measure from the household survey has been slowing since late 2023, however, the unemployment rate has only drifted slightly higher. The JOLTS survey continued to point to labor demand ‘coming into better balance’. While still elevated, the vacancy rate fell to 5.1%. Hiring continued to slow. So far, this slowdown in labor demand has not corresponded to a more notable shift higher in unemployment and the involuntary separations rate fell back to a series low of 1.0%. The quit rate is back below the pre-pandemic level, suggesting a reduced willingness to change jobs.
Wage growth has stayed somewhat elevated. The ECI quarterly measure did accelerate over the quarter and remained elevated at +4.1% over the year in Q1. The monthly average hourly earnings report did ease in Apr. Average hourly earnings growth slowed to +0.2% over the month and to +3.9% over the year. The Challenger Job Cut Announcement survey for Apr noted that “The labor market remains tight. But as labor costs continue to rise, companies will be slower to hire, and we expect further cuts will be needed. This low April figure may be the calm before the storm”.
The US ISM surveys also indicated slower growth momentum (also highlighted in the S&P PMIs for Apr) across both manufacturing and services sectors. While activity and employment indexes weakened in both surveys, input price indexes continued to rise driven by commodity prices. A slight fall in aggregate hours and average weekly hours in Apr also suggested a slowdown in the pace of activity.
The pricing of US rate cuts shifted by the end of last week – and is now back to pricing in two cuts for the back half of 2024.
Growth data out of Europe was positive with the Q1 flash Euro Area GDP returning to a moderate pace of growth of +0.3% in Q1, after stalling through Q3 and Q4 last year. The flash Euro Area inflation reading for Apr was mostly in line with expectations however core inflation came in slightly higher at +2.7% (expecting +2.6%) but at least down from +2.9% in Mar. Services inflation fell below 4% to +3.7% in Apr.
Outlook for the week ahead
It will be a quiet week data-wise. The focus will shift to the RBA and BoE monetary policy meetings this week.
The RBA is expected to keep rates unchanged. At the last meeting, the Board shifted to a more neutral stance of policy, no longer overtly suggesting that ‘further increases cannot be ruled out’. However, the most recent Q1 CPI is not likely to have improved the confidence of the Board that inflation is moving sustainably to the 2-3% band. It will be important to see how Governor Bullock characterizes the recent stronger-than-expected inflation, and what it might mean for the path of policy.
The BoE will also meet this week and is expected to keep rates on hold at this meeting. While there has been a continued slowdown in both headline (to +3.2%) and core inflation (to +4.2%) measures over the last few months, inflation remains elevated. It will be important to see how the BoE views the recent disinflation progress relative to its policy settings. The Q1 UK GDP will be released later in the week and growth is expected to rebound to +0.4% in Q1 after falling by -0.3% in Q4 2023.
The US data out this week; the University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment survey (prelim) for May, consumer credit change (Mar), the Q1 senior loan officer survey, and the weekly mortgage applications and initial claims data. There will be several Fed speeches throughout the week.
Canada labor market data for Apr will be released. Employment growth is expected to rebound after falling slightly last month. The unemployment rate is expected to continue to rise to 6.2%. This will be closely watched by the BoC.
The final S&P global services PMIs will be released this week to round out the full view of global growth momentum in Apr. Last week, the final manufacturing surveys were released, and global manufacturing momentum was little changed with the global manufacturing PMI at 50.3 in Apr, down from 50.6 in Mar.
This week, the US Treasury will auction and settle approx. $420bn in ST Bills, with a net paydown of -$13bn. The US Treasury will also auction the 3-year and 10-year Notes and the 30-year Bond this week – all will settle next week on 15 May.
QT this week: Approx $12.6bn in ST Bills will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be reinvested.
More detail (including a calendar of key data releases) is provided in the briefing document – download the pdf below:
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
by Kim | Apr 29, 2024
Key events this week – FOMC monetary policy meeting, US non-farm payrolls & ISM surveys, prelim Euro Area GDP Q1 & CPI
Recap from last week
US inflation data didn’t challenge the narrative that rate cuts could take longer to materialize. The overall PCE inflation picture through Q1 was one of stalling progress on disinflation. The headline PCE inflation for Mar came in slightly higher than expected at +2.7% (expecting +2.6%) while the monthly pace was unchanged at +0.3%. Core inflation remained unchanged at +2.8% (expecting it to slow to +2.6%) while the monthly pace of core inflation also came in at +0.3%.
The Mar PCE inflation report contained notable revisions higher for Jan and Feb inflation. These revisions suggest that inflation pressure likely began to broaden out again (to more categories) after Nov 2023. Monthly services inflation has stayed stickier since Aug 2023 and has even started to trend slightly higher again. Importantly, this has been exacerbated by a smaller offsetting effect from goods deflation since Nov 2023, which then shifted to goods inflation, albeit at a low rate, over the last several months. The monthly trimmed mean and median inflation rates also suggest that inflation likely broadened out after Nov 2023. But after the notable increase in the monthly trimmed mean and median inflation in Jan, these measures abated in Feb and again in Mar – suggesting that this current inflation impulse is not continuing to broaden out (both measures are back to roughly average levels for the last half of 2023). That said, the FOMC is likely to remain concerned about the persistence of core inflation at +2.8%, services inflation at +4%, and core services ex-shelter inflation at +3.5% in Mar.
The strong outlook for US growth was tempered in Q1 GDP. The prelim Q1 GDP growth came in much lower than expected at +1.6% annualized (expecting growth to have eased to +2.5% annualized). The key driver of the lower growth in Q1 was the contraction in net exports (growth in exports slowed, while growth in imports increased at a faster pace than exports). Growth in final domestic demand, excluding the volatile external sector and inventories, eased to +2.8% (annualized) suggesting domestic demand growth remained more robust. The monthly PCE report for Mar showed improving momentum in household spending through Q1, underpinned by continued solid growth in income.
The prelim US PMI for Apr suggested a slowdown in growth momentum across both manufacturing and services coming into Q2. The manufacturing PMI edged down to just below the neutral level while services activity slowed to only a modest pace of expansion. The key themes from the report were weaker demand as orders contracted across both manufacturing and services, a fall in services employment, and weaker business sentiment. Input prices increased while output price growth eased.
More broadly, the G4 prelim PMIs for Apr suggested a continued improvement in the pace of economic momentum. This was led by an acceleration in service sector activity.
The BoJ met last week and kept policy settings unchanged.
Outlook for the week ahead
The FOMC and US non-farm payrolls will be the highlights of the week.
The FOMC is expected to keep policy settings unchanged this month. The main insight will be into how the FOMC is characterizing the view of inflation and growth over Q1 and what it means for the policy outlook. Fed Chair Powell’s comments at the press conference will be important. The FOMC is likely to maintain its stance that it needs greater confidence that inflation is moving sustainably to 2% before it begins to lower policy rates and that it has time to be patient on rate cuts. The previous meeting minutes already noted concerns over firmer inflation readings. We won’t know the degree to which participants are shifting rate cut projections until the update of the SEP at the Jun meeting. Guidance at the last meeting noted that “almost all participants judged that it would be appropriate to move policy to a less restrictive stance at some point this year if the economy evolved broadly as they expected”. At the last meeting, the FOMC also discussed slowing the pace of QT, judging that “it would be prudent to begin slowing the pace of runoff fairly soon”. This could be addressed as soon as the meeting this week.
Another crucial element bolstering the Fed’s commitment to maintaining its patient stance on restrictive policy is the robust state of the labor market. This week will feature a broad update on US labor market conditions for Apr. Non-farm payroll growth is again expected to ease to +243k from the +303k growth in payrolls in Mar. The unemployment rate is expected to stay unchanged at 3.8%. Average weekly hours are also expected to stay unchanged at 34.4. Job openings for Mar are expected to ease again to 8.68m from 8.75m in Feb. The quarterly employment cost index is expected to remain elevated at +1% for Q1 (versus +0.9% in Q4 2023).
The Apr ISM PMI surveys (and the final S&P PMIs) will provide further insight into manufacturing and services growth momentum going into Q2.
The Euro Area prelim Q1 GDP is expected to show a slight improvement in growth to +0.1% from the stalled pace of 0% in Q4 2023. The prelim CPI for the Euro Area in Apr is expected to show little change to headline inflation at +2.4%, but some easing in core inflation to +2.6% in Apr.
The full suite of global PMIs for Apr will be released this week.
The US Treasury will also release its latest quarterly financing requirements for Q2 and estimates for Q3.
This week, the US Treasury will auction and settle approx. $659bn in ST Bills, Notes, Bonds, and FRNs, raising approx. $40bn in new money.
QT this week: Approx $17.4bn in ST Bills will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be reinvested. Approx $22bn in Notes and Bonds will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be redeemed.
More detail (including a calendar of key data releases) is provided in the briefing document – download the pdf below:
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
by Kim | Apr 22, 2024
Key events this week – US PCE Inflation & Q1 GDP, BoJ meeting, Aus CPI Q1, Global flash PMIs Apr
Recap from last week
Last week, US consumer and domestic investment spending lifted Q1 GDP growth projections. The latest Atlanta Fed GDP Nowcast for US Q1 GDP growth rose from +2.4% to +2.9% by the end of the week.
US retail sales growth was higher than expected for Mar at +0.7%. Growth in non-store retail sales accounted for over half of the growth in the month. Coupled with the upward revision of retail sales growth to +0.9% for Feb, this strengthened the perception of robust spending through to the end of Q1. The residential construction data for Mar was somewhat lackluster, with both new permits and starts lower than expected and lower compared to Feb. While housing partly offset some of the contribution to Q1 growth from the strong retail sales result, another positive monthly result for industrial production in Mar helped to lift the Q1 GDP run rate.
The US Federal Reserve Beige Book for April suggests that this pace of activity likely continued into April/start of Q2. Districts confirmed that overall economic activity had “expanded slightly” since the last report in late Feb. Reports on spending were mixed with some reports of weakness in discretionary spending due to elevated prices. Inflation remained modest and was “running at about the same pace as in the last report”. The report noted that a “frequent comment was that firms’ ability to pass cost increases on to consumers had weakened considerably in recent months, resulting in smaller profit margins”. Despite that, Districts reported that “employment rose at a slight pace overall”.
US Fed speeches last week continued to indicate that policy settings are likely to stay unchanged until there is greater confidence that inflation is moving sustainably toward 2%. While economic conditions and the labor market remain resilient, the Fed can keep rates on hold, allowing more time for restrictive policy settings to bring down inflation. Markets have continued to lower expectations for rate cuts this year – at the time of writing, only one cut is fully priced in for this year in Sept (Source; CME FedWatch Tool).
Global inflation reports showed disinflation progress continued in Mar. UK inflation eased further in Mar across headline (+3.2%) and core (+4.2%) measures. Most of this progress was led by goods inflation slowing to +0.8%, while services inflation eased only slightly and remained elevated at +6%.
Canadian headline inflation increased to +2.9% led by higher gasoline prices. However, the BoC preferred measures of underlying inflation showed continued progress with several measures slowing to below +3% in Mar. In a moderated discussion with US Fed Chair Powell, BoC Governor Macklem noted that “despite rising headline inflation, importantly, measures of core inflation did tick down again and does suggest that underlying inflationary pressures are continuing to ease. We continue to be moving in the right direction.”
NZ inflation continued to ease over the year but was little changed over the quarter. The composition of inflation still shows that non-tradable inflation (domestic-led) is high at +5.8%.
Finally, Japanese inflation eased however the core measures ex fresh food remains elevated at +2.6%. The more recent annualized rates of inflation have started to accelerate again, but so far, remain below the annual rates. The BoJ meets this week and is expected to provide an update to its inflation forecast.
Outlook for the week ahead
Inflation reports remain front and centre this week. The global flash PMIs for Apr will provide some insight into global growth going into Q2.
This will be an important week with the Fed-preferred PCE inflation report for Mar due at the end of the week. Fed speeches last week continued to indicate that rate cuts could take longer to materialize while inflation progress stalls and labor market and growth conditions remain robust. However, while the Mar CPI measure showed stalling progress on inflation, the PPI hinted that the PCE measure may show some progress on disinflation.
Expectations are for little change in the inflation picture this month. US headline PCE is expected to increase by +0.3% over the month in Mar, this would be in line with the Feb result. Headline inflation over the year is expected to increase to +2.6% in Mar, up from +2.5% in Feb, due to higher energy prices. Core PCE inflation is also expected to increase by +0.3% over the month, while annual core inflation is expected to ease only slightly to +2.7% from +2.8% in Feb.
The advance estimate of US Q1 GDP growth will be released this week. Growth is expected to slow to an annualized pace of +2.5% in Q1 (from +3.4% in Q4 2023).
The FOMC will meet next week. This should provide an update on its guidance for the outlook on growth and inflation, although new projections will not be provided at this meeting. It also means that there will be no Fed speeches this week.
The more detailed Aus Q1 CPI report will be released this week, and ahead of the next RBA meeting on 6-7 May. Quarterly inflation is expected to increase to +0.8% from +0.6% in Q4. The annual rate is expected to slow to +3.4% in Q1, from +4.1%. Trimmed mean/core inflation is expected to increase over the quarter to +0.9%, from +0.8% in Q4.
The BoJ will meet this week and rate settings are expected to stay unchanged. At the last meeting, the BoJ announced the end of its negative interest rate policy, but still provided guidance that, given its outlook for economic activity and prices, accommodative financial conditions would be maintained for the time being. The BoJ will release its quarterly Outlook Report at this meeting which will update its view on developments in prices and economic activity.
Finally, the latest round of flash PMIs for the G4 (plus Aus) for Apr will be released early this week. Growth momentum has been improving through Q1. Growth in services activity has lifted to a moderate pace while manufacturing conditions within the G4 have become less negative.
This week, the US Treasury will auction and settle approx. $410bn in ST Bills, with a paydown of -$46bn. The US Treasury will also auction the 2, 5, and 7-year Notes and the 2-year FRN this week – all will settle on 30 Apr.
QT this week: Approx $9bn in ST Bills will mature on the Fed balance sheet and will be reinvested.
More detail (including a calendar of key data releases) is provided in the briefing document – download the pdf below:
Comments and feedback are welcome. Please email me at kim.mofardin@marscapitalpartners.net
